{"id":4736,"date":"2024-11-19T15:03:19","date_gmt":"2024-11-19T12:03:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.gurkanyetkin.com\/?p=4736"},"modified":"2025-05-12T16:35:35","modified_gmt":"2025-05-12T13:35:35","slug":"erk%c9%99n-m%c9%99rh%c9%99l%c9%99-dos-x%c9%99rc%c9%99ngi-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.gurkanyetkin.com\/az\/erk%c9%99n-m%c9%99rh%c9%99l%c9%99-dos-x%c9%99rc%c9%99ngi-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Erk\u0259n M\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259 M\u0259m\u0259 X\u0259r\u00e7\u0259ngi"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Erk\u0259n m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259 m\u0259m\u0259 x\u0259r\u00e7\u0259ngi, t\u00f6r\u0259m\u0259nin yaln\u0131z m\u0259m\u0259 toxumas\u0131 v\u0259 ya yax\u0131nl\u0131qdak\u0131 qoltuqalt\u0131 limfa d\u00fcy\u00fcnl\u0259ri il\u0259 m\u0259hdudla\u015fd\u0131\u011f\u0131 x\u0259r\u00e7\u0259ng n\u00f6v\u00fcd\u00fcr. Bu v\u0259ziyy\u0259t duktal karsinom in situ (DCIS) v\u0259 I\u2011d\u0259n IIIA m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r olan m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259l\u0259ri \u0259hat\u0259 edir. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cancer.gov\/publications\/dictionaries\/cancer-terms\/def\/early-stage-breast-cancer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">M\u00fcalic\u0259y\u0259 ad\u0259t\u0259n c\u0259rrahi m\u00fcdaxil\u0259 il\u0259 ba\u015flan\u0131r; bu m\u00fcdaxil\u0259 m\u0259m\u0259 qoruyucu c\u0259rrahiyy\u0259 v\u0259 ya mastektomiya \u015f\u0259klind\u0259 t\u0259tbiq oluna bil\u0259r.<\/a> C\u0259rrahiyy\u0259d\u0259n sonra radioterapiya tez\u2011tez se\u00e7ilir. X\u0259r\u00e7\u0259ngin x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 kemoterapi, hormonoterapiya v\u0259 ya h\u0259d\u0259fli terapiya kimi \u0259lav\u0259 \u00fcsullarla m\u00fcalic\u0259 g\u00fccl\u0259ndirilir. Bu \u0259lav\u0259 m\u00fcalic\u0259l\u0259r x\u0259st\u0259liyin t\u0259krarlanma riskini azaltma\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 x\u0259st\u0259nin \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc, h\u0259yat keyfiyy\u0259tini art\u0131rma\u011f\u0131 h\u0259d\u0259fl\u0259yir.<\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_74 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">M\u0259zmun c\u0259dv\u0259li<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #ffffff;color:#ffffff\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" 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m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259 m\u0259m\u0259 x\u0259r\u00e7\u0259ngi n\u0259dir?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gurkanyetkin.com\/az\/erk%c9%99n-m%c9%99rh%c9%99l%c9%99-dos-x%c9%99rc%c9%99ngi-2\/#Erk%C9%99n_m%C9%99rh%C9%99l%C9%99_m%C9%99m%C9%99_x%C9%99rc%C9%99nginin_s%C9%99b%C9%99bl%C9%99ri_n%C9%99dir\" >Erk\u0259n m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259 m\u0259m\u0259 x\u0259r\u00e7\u0259nginin s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259ri n\u0259dir?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gurkanyetkin.com\/az\/erk%c9%99n-m%c9%99rh%c9%99l%c9%99-dos-x%c9%99rc%c9%99ngi-2\/#Erk%C9%99n_m%C9%99rh%C9%99l%C9%99_m%C9%99m%C9%99_x%C9%99rc%C9%99nginin_yayilmasi_nec%C9%99dir\" >Erk\u0259n m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259 m\u0259m\u0259 x\u0259r\u00e7\u0259nginin yay\u0131lmas\u0131 nec\u0259dir?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gurkanyetkin.com\/az\/erk%c9%99n-m%c9%99rh%c9%99l%c9%99-dos-x%c9%99rc%c9%99ngi-2\/#Erk%C9%99n_m%C9%99rh%C9%99l%C9%99_m%C9%99m%C9%99_x%C9%99rc%C9%99nginin_%C9%99m%C9%99l%C9%99_g%C9%99lm%C9%99_prosesi_nec%C9%99dir\" >Erk\u0259n m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259 m\u0259m\u0259 x\u0259r\u00e7\u0259nginin \u0259m\u0259l\u0259 g\u0259lm\u0259 prosesi nec\u0259dir?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gurkanyetkin.com\/az\/erk%c9%99n-m%c9%99rh%c9%99l%c9%99-dos-x%c9%99rc%c9%99ngi-2\/#Erk%C9%99n_m%C9%99rh%C9%99l%C9%99_m%C9%99m%C9%99_x%C9%99rc%C9%99nginin_%C9%99lam%C9%99tl%C9%99ri_n%C9%99l%C9%99rdir\" >Erk\u0259n m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259 m\u0259m\u0259 x\u0259r\u00e7\u0259nginin \u0259lam\u0259tl\u0259ri n\u0259l\u0259rdir?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gurkanyetkin.com\/az\/erk%c9%99n-m%c9%99rh%c9%99l%c9%99-dos-x%c9%99rc%c9%99ngi-2\/#Erk%C9%99n_m%C9%99rh%C9%99l%C9%99_m%C9%99m%C9%99_x%C9%99rc%C9%99nginin_diaqnostikasi_nec%C9%99_aparilir\" >Erk\u0259n m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259 m\u0259m\u0259 x\u0259r\u00e7\u0259nginin diaqnostikas\u0131 nec\u0259 apar\u0131l\u0131r?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gurkanyetkin.com\/az\/erk%c9%99n-m%c9%99rh%c9%99l%c9%99-dos-x%c9%99rc%c9%99ngi-2\/#Erk%C9%99n_m%C9%99rh%C9%99l%C9%99_m%C9%99m%C9%99_x%C9%99rc%C9%99nginin_mualic%C9%99si_nec%C9%99_aparilir\" >Erk\u0259n m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259 m\u0259m\u0259 x\u0259r\u00e7\u0259nginin m\u00fcalic\u0259si nec\u0259 apar\u0131l\u0131r?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gurkanyetkin.com\/az\/erk%c9%99n-m%c9%99rh%c9%99l%c9%99-dos-x%c9%99rc%c9%99ngi-2\/#Erk%C9%99n_m%C9%99rh%C9%99l%C9%99_m%C9%99m%C9%99_x%C9%99rc%C9%99nginin_f%C9%99sadlari_n%C9%99l%C9%99rdir\" >Erk\u0259n m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259 m\u0259m\u0259 x\u0259r\u00e7\u0259nginin f\u0259sadlar\u0131 n\u0259l\u0259rdir?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gurkanyetkin.com\/az\/erk%c9%99n-m%c9%99rh%c9%99l%c9%99-dos-x%c9%99rc%c9%99ngi-2\/#Erk%C9%99n_m%C9%99rh%C9%99l%C9%99_m%C9%99m%C9%99_x%C9%99rc%C9%99ngind%C9%99_mualic%C9%99_n%C9%99_zaman_t%C9%99tbiq_edil%C9%99_bilm%C9%99z\" >Erk\u0259n m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259 m\u0259m\u0259 x\u0259r\u00e7\u0259ngind\u0259 m\u00fcalic\u0259 n\u0259 zaman t\u0259tbiq edil\u0259 bilm\u0259z?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gurkanyetkin.com\/az\/erk%c9%99n-m%c9%99rh%c9%99l%c9%99-dos-x%c9%99rc%c9%99ngi-2\/#Erk%C9%99n_m%C9%99rh%C9%99l%C9%99_m%C9%99m%C9%99_x%C9%99rc%C9%99ngind%C9%99_sagalma_prosesi_nec%C9%99dir\" >Erk\u0259n m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259 m\u0259m\u0259 x\u0259r\u00e7\u0259ngind\u0259 sa\u011falma prosesi nec\u0259dir?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gurkanyetkin.com\/az\/erk%c9%99n-m%c9%99rh%c9%99l%c9%99-dos-x%c9%99rc%c9%99ngi-2\/#Erk%C9%99n_m%C9%99rh%C9%99l%C9%99_m%C9%99m%C9%99_x%C9%99rc%C9%99nginin_qarsisini_nec%C9%99_almaq_olar\" >Erk\u0259n m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259 m\u0259m\u0259 x\u0259r\u00e7\u0259nginin qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 nec\u0259 almaq olar?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Erk%C9%99n_m%C9%99rh%C9%99l%C9%99_m%C9%99m%C9%99_x%C9%99rc%C9%99ngi_n%C9%99dir\"><\/span>Erk\u0259n m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259 m\u0259m\u0259 x\u0259r\u00e7\u0259ngi n\u0259dir?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Erk\u0259n m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gurkanyetkin.com\/az\/dos-x%c9%99rc%c9%99ngi\/\">m\u0259m\u0259 x\u0259r\u00e7\u0259ngi<\/a>, t\u00f6r\u0259m\u0259l\u0259rin yaln\u0131z m\u0259m\u0259 toxumas\u0131nda v\u0259 ya qoltuqalt\u0131 limfa d\u00fcy\u00fcnl\u0259rind\u0259 m\u0259hdudla\u015fd\u0131\u011f\u0131 x\u0259st\u0259lik kimi t\u0259svir edilir. Bu m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259 Duktal karsinom in situ (DCIS) il\u0259 ba\u015flay\u0131r v\u0259 I, II v\u0259 IIIA kimi m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259l\u0259ri \u0259hat\u0259 edir. X\u0259r\u00e7\u0259ng bu m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259d\u0259 b\u0259d\u0259nin dig\u0259r hiss\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 yay\u0131lm\u0131r. Tarixi bax\u0131mdan erk\u0259n m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259 m\u0259m\u0259 x\u0259r\u00e7\u0259nginin t\u0259rifi v\u0259 m\u00fcalic\u0259 yana\u015fmalar\u0131 zaman\u2011zaman m\u00fch\u00fcm ir\u0259lil\u0259yi\u015fl\u0259r\u0259 \u015fahid olub. M\u00fcasir tibb bu x\u0259r\u00e7\u0259ng n\u00f6vl\u0259rinin a\u015fkarlanmas\u0131 v\u0259 m\u00fcalic\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn innovativ \u00fcsullar inki\u015faf etdirib. Bu g\u00fcn t\u0259tbiq olunan t\u0259snifat sisteml\u0259ri v\u0259 m\u00fcalic\u0259 protokollar\u0131 erk\u0259n m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259nin u\u011furla idar\u0259 olunmas\u0131na imkan verir. Erk\u0259n diaqnoz m\u00fcalic\u0259 u\u011furunda kritik rol oynay\u0131r v\u0259 x\u0259st\u0259l\u0259rin h\u0259yat keyfiyy\u0259tini xeyli yax\u015f\u0131la\u015fd\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Erk%C9%99n_m%C9%99rh%C9%99l%C9%99_m%C9%99m%C9%99_x%C9%99rc%C9%99nginin_s%C9%99b%C9%99bl%C9%99ri_n%C9%99dir\"><\/span>Erk\u0259n m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259 m\u0259m\u0259 x\u0259r\u00e7\u0259nginin s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259ri n\u0259dir?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Erk\u0259n m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259 m\u0259m\u0259 x\u0259r\u00e7\u0259ngi genetik, hormonal, \u0259traf m\u00fchit v\u0259 h\u0259yat t\u0259rzi faktorlar\u0131n\u0131n birg\u0259 t\u0259siri n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 inki\u015faf edir. Bu prosesd\u0259 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif risk faktorlar\u0131 x\u0259st\u0259liyin yaranma ehtimal\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131r:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">BRCA1 v\u0259 BRCA2 gen mutasiyalar\u0131<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">p53 gen mutasiyalar\u0131<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Uzunm\u00fcdd\u0259tli estrogen maruziyy\u0259ti<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Progesteron balanss\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Xen\u00f6strojen maruziyy\u0259ti (m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, BPA)<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Y\u00fcks\u0259k ya\u011fl\u0131 p\u0259hriz v\u0259 piyl\u0259nm\u0259<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Alko\u0445ol istehlak\u0131<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">HPV (\u0130nsan Papilloma Virusu) infeksiyas\u0131<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">MMTV (Si\u00e7an M\u0259m\u0259 T\u00f6r\u0259m\u0259 Virusu) faktlar\u0131<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">\u0130onla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 radiasiya maruziyy\u0259ti<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">\u00dcreme tarixi il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 faktorlar<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Genetik meyllik m\u0259m\u0259 x\u0259r\u00e7\u0259ngi riskinin y\u00fcks\u0259lm\u0259sind\u0259 \u0259sas rol oynay\u0131r v\u0259 ail\u0259sind\u0259 bu x\u0259st\u0259liy\u0259 rastlanan \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259rd\u0259 risk daha y\u00fcks\u0259k olur. H\u0259m\u00e7inin fiziki aktivliyin azl\u0131\u011f\u0131, stresli h\u0259yat t\u0259rzi v\u0259 yuxu poz\u011funluqlar\u0131 da riski art\u0131r\u0131r. Bunun \u0259ksin\u0259, \u0259mizdirm\u0259nin m\u00fcsb\u0259t qoruyucu t\u0259siri s\u00fcbut olunub\u2014\u0259ks\u0259r hallarda \u0259mizdirm\u0259 m\u00fcdd\u0259ti uzand\u0131qca risk azal\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Erk%C9%99n_m%C9%99rh%C9%99l%C9%99_m%C9%99m%C9%99_x%C9%99rc%C9%99nginin_yayilmasi_nec%C9%99dir\"><\/span>Erk\u0259n m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259 m\u0259m\u0259 x\u0259r\u00e7\u0259nginin yay\u0131lmas\u0131 nec\u0259dir?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Erk\u0259n m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259 m\u0259m\u0259 x\u0259r\u00e7\u0259ngi d\u00fcnya \u00fczr\u0259 qad\u0131nlar aras\u0131nda geni\u015f yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f sa\u011flaml\u0131q problemin\u0259 \u00e7evrilib. Qad\u0131nlarda \u0259n \u00e7ox rastlanan x\u0259r\u00e7\u0259ng n\u00f6vl\u0259rind\u0259n say\u0131lmas\u0131na baxmayaraq, skrininq proqramlar\u0131n\u0131n geni\u015fl\u0259nm\u0259si say\u0259sind\u0259 daha erk\u0259n m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259d\u0259 a\u015fkarlan\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Erk\u0259n m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259 m\u0259m\u0259 x\u0259r\u00e7\u0259nginin yay\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259\u015fviq ed\u0259n faktorlar:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">\u0130nki\u015faf etmi\u015f \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 mamografi skrininql\u0259rinin m\u00fcnt\u0259z\u0259m icras\u0131<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Ya\u015fl\u0131 n\u0259silin say\u0131n\u0131n artmas\u0131<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Maarifl\u0259ndirici kampaniyalar\u0131n t\u0259siri<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">M\u00fcasir diaqnostika metodlar\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259tbiqi<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Buna baxmayaraq, erk\u0259n diaqnoz nisb\u0259tl\u0259ri \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259r aras\u0131nda f\u0259rqlidir. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131 g\u0259lirli \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 s\u0259hiyy\u0259 infrastrukturunun z\u0259ifliyi v\u0259 skrininq proqramlar\u0131n\u0131n m\u0259hdudlu\u011fu s\u0259b\u0259bind\u0259n x\u0259st\u0259lik \u00e7ox vaxt gec m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259d\u0259 a\u015fkar olunur.<\/p>\n<p>Erk\u0259n diaqnozun \u0259sas \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fcy\u00fc x\u0259st\u0259liyin h\u0259l\u0259 m\u00fcalic\u0259 oluna bil\u0259n m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259d\u0259 tutulmas\u0131d\u0131r. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, Avropa \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 effektiv skrininq say\u0259sind\u0259 m\u0259m\u0259 x\u0259r\u00e7\u0259ngi hallar\u0131n 90%-d\u0259n \u00e7oxu erk\u0259n m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259d\u0259 diaqnoz edilir ki, bu da h\u0259m \u00f6mr\u00fc uzad\u0131r, h\u0259m d\u0259 h\u0259yat keyfiyy\u0259tini yax\u015f\u0131la\u015fd\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>COVID-19 pandemiyas\u0131 bir s\u0131ra \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 skrininq nisb\u0259tl\u0259rini azaltm\u0131\u015f v\u0259 erk\u0259n diaqnoz prosesin\u0259 m\u0259nfi t\u0259sir g\u00f6st\u0259rmi\u015fdir. Lakin son d\u00f6vrl\u0259rd\u0259 skrininq proqramlar\u0131n\u0131n b\u0259rpas\u0131 il\u0259 erk\u0259n m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259d\u0259 a\u015fkarlanma nisb\u0259tl\u0259rinin artaca\u011f\u0131 proqnozla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Erk\u0259n m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259 m\u0259m\u0259 x\u0259r\u00e7\u0259nginin yay\u0131lmas\u0131 birba\u015fa s\u0259hiyy\u0259 siyas\u0259tl\u0259ri v\u0259 f\u0259rdi m\u0259lumatl\u0131l\u0131q s\u0259viyy\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Erk%C9%99n_m%C9%99rh%C9%99l%C9%99_m%C9%99m%C9%99_x%C9%99rc%C9%99nginin_%C9%99m%C9%99l%C9%99_g%C9%99lm%C9%99_prosesi_nec%C9%99dir\"><\/span>Erk\u0259n m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259 m\u0259m\u0259 x\u0259r\u00e7\u0259nginin \u0259m\u0259l\u0259 g\u0259lm\u0259 prosesi nec\u0259dir?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Erk\u0259n m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259 m\u0259m\u0259 x\u0259r\u00e7\u0259nginin \u0259m\u0259l\u0259 g\u0259lm\u0259 prosesi kompleks molekulyar mexanizml\u0259rd\u0259n ibar\u0259tdir v\u0259 genetik, hormonal v\u0259 h\u00fcceyr\u0259 s\u0259viyy\u0259sind\u0259 t\u0259sirl\u0259rin sintezi n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 formala\u015f\u0131r. Normal h\u00fcceyr\u0259 n\u0259zar\u0259t sisteml\u0259rinin pozulmas\u0131 x\u0259r\u00e7\u0259ng h\u00fcceyr\u0259l\u0259rinin yaranmas\u0131nda \u0259sas rol oynay\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Genetik mutasiyalar:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">BRCA1<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">BRCA2<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">DNA t\u0259miri genl\u0259ri<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Hormonlar\u0131n rolu:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Estrogen<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Progesteron<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Hormon balanss\u0131zl\u0131qlar\u0131<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>H\u00fcceyr\u0259 s\u0259viyy\u0259sind\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015fiklikl\u0259r:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Epitel\u2011mezankimal ke\u00e7id (EMT)<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Transkripsiya faktorlar\u0131 (Snail, Slug)<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">H\u00fcceyr\u0259 h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tliliyinin artmas\u0131<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>M\u0259m\u0259 x\u0259r\u00e7\u0259ngi k\u00f6k h\u00fcceyr\u0259l\u0259ri (BCSC\u2019l\u0259r):<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">CD44<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">ALDH<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">\u00d6z\u00fcn\u00fc yenil\u0259m\u0259 qabiliyy\u0259ti<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>T\u00f6r\u0259m\u0259 mikrom\u00fchiti v\u0259 invaziya:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">CD44 reseptorlar\u0131<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Hialuron tur\u015fusu<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Ba\u011f toxumas\u0131n\u0131 par\u00e7alan fermentl\u0259r<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Bu prosesl\u0259r erk\u0259n m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259d\u0259 bel\u0259 x\u0259r\u00e7\u0259ng h\u00fcceyr\u0259l\u0259rinin aqressivliyini v\u0259 \u0259traf toxumalarla qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ql\u0131 t\u0259sirini art\u0131r\u0131r, yay\u0131lma potensial\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fcks\u0259ldir. X\u00fcsusil\u0259 mikrom\u00fchitd\u0259ki d\u0259yi\u015fiklikl\u0259r m\u00fcalic\u0259y\u0259 m\u00fcqavim\u0259ti g\u00fccl\u0259ndirir.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Erk%C9%99n_m%C9%99rh%C9%99l%C9%99_m%C9%99m%C9%99_x%C9%99rc%C9%99nginin_%C9%99lam%C9%99tl%C9%99ri_n%C9%99l%C9%99rdir\"><\/span>Erk\u0259n m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259 m\u0259m\u0259 x\u0259r\u00e7\u0259nginin \u0259lam\u0259tl\u0259ri n\u0259l\u0259rdir?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Erk\u0259n m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259 m\u0259m\u0259 x\u0259r\u00e7\u0259ngi rutin yoxlamalar zaman\u0131 v\u0259 ya b\u0259zi fiziki g\u00f6st\u0259ricil\u0259r vasit\u0259sil\u0259 a\u015fkarlan\u0131r. \u018flam\u0259tl\u0259r bunlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">\u018fl il\u0259 hiss edil\u0259n \u015fi\u015fkinlik<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">M\u0259m\u0259 v\u0259 ya qoltuqalt\u0131 \u015fi\u015fkinlik<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">M\u0259m\u0259 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcnd\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015fiklik<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">\u201cPorta\u011fal qab\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201d g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f\u00fc<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">M\u0259m\u0259 ucunda ax\u0131nt\u0131<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">D\u0259rid\u0259 \u00e7\u00f6km\u0259<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Daimi m\u0259m\u0259 a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Bu \u0259lam\u0259tl\u0259r menstruasiya d\u00f6vr\u00fc il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259ndiril\u0259 bilm\u0259z v\u0259 ad\u0259t\u0259n t\u0259k t\u0259r\u0259flidir. B\u0259zi hallarda limfa d\u00fcy\u00fcnl\u0259rind\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fcm\u0259 d\u0259 m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259 oluna bil\u0259r.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Erk%C9%99n_m%C9%99rh%C9%99l%C9%99_m%C9%99m%C9%99_x%C9%99rc%C9%99nginin_diaqnostikasi_nec%C9%99_aparilir\"><\/span>Erk\u0259n m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259 m\u0259m\u0259 x\u0259r\u00e7\u0259nginin diaqnostikas\u0131 nec\u0259 apar\u0131l\u0131r?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Erk\u0259n m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259 m\u0259m\u0259 x\u0259r\u00e7\u0259nginin diaqnostikas\u0131nda bir ne\u00e7\u0259 \u00fcsul t\u0259tbiq olunur. Bu \u00fcsullar x\u0259r\u00e7\u0259ngin erk\u0259n m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259d\u0259 saxlanmas\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259min ed\u0259r\u0259k m\u00fcalic\u0259 \u015fans\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131r. G\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcl\u0259m\u0259 texnologiyalar\u0131, fiziki m\u00fcayin\u0259 v\u0259 biopsiyalar \u0259n \u00e7ox istifad\u0259 olunan diaqnostik vasit\u0259l\u0259rdir:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Mamografi<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">M\u0259m\u0259 MRT<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Ultras\u0259s<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Fiziki m\u00fcayin\u0259 m\u00fct\u0259x\u0259ssis h\u0259kim t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n apar\u0131l\u0131r v\u0259 \u015f\u00fcbh\u0259li \u0259lam\u0259tl\u0259ri a\u015fkar etm\u0259y\u0259 y\u00f6n\u0259lib. Bu \u00fcsul anomaliyalar\u0131 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ilk add\u0131md\u0131r, lakin d\u0259qiq diaqnoz \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcl\u0259m\u0259 \u00fcsullar\u0131 il\u0259 tamamlanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Biopsiyalar x\u0259r\u00e7\u0259ngin t\u0259sdiqi \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0259n etibarl\u0131 yana\u015fmad\u0131r. \u0130stifad\u0259 olunan metodlar:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Qal\u0131n iyn\u0259 biopsiyas\u0131<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">\u0130nce iyn\u0259 aspirasiya biopsiyas\u0131<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Maye biopsiyas\u0131<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Erk\u0259n diaqnostikada maye biopsiyas\u0131 x\u0259r\u00e7\u0259ng h\u00fcceyr\u0259l\u0259rinin yayd\u0131\u011f\u0131 DNA hiss\u0259cikl\u0259rini kanda a\u015fkar etm\u0259y\u0259 imkan ver\u0259n perspektivli \u00fcsuldur. Bu metod \u0259n\u0259n\u0259vi biopsiyalardan daha az invazivdir v\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259kd\u0259 erk\u0259n diaqnostikada geni\u015f t\u0259tbiqi g\u00f6zl\u0259nilir.<\/p>\n<p>G\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcl\u0259m\u0259 v\u0259 biopsiya \u00fcsullar\u0131n\u0131n kombinasiyas\u0131 m\u0259m\u0259 x\u0259r\u00e7\u0259nginin n\u00f6v\u00fcn\u00fc, m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259sini v\u0259 x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259rini m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n etm\u0259kd\u0259 kritik rol oynay\u0131r. H\u0259r x\u0259st\u0259y\u0259 f\u0259rdi yana\u015fma \u0259sas\u0131nda diaqnostika plan\u0131 qurulur.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Erk%C9%99n_m%C9%99rh%C9%99l%C9%99_m%C9%99m%C9%99_x%C9%99rc%C9%99nginin_mualic%C9%99si_nec%C9%99_aparilir\"><\/span>Erk\u0259n m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259 m\u0259m\u0259 x\u0259r\u00e7\u0259nginin m\u00fcalic\u0259si nec\u0259 apar\u0131l\u0131r?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Erken evrede yakalanan meme kanseri hastalar\u0131na kemoterapi gerekli midir? | Prof. Dr. G\u00fcrkan Yetkin\" width=\"1020\" height=\"574\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/kWgxaaHvqAI?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>Erk\u0259n m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259 m\u0259m\u0259 x\u0259r\u00e7\u0259ngi m\u00fcalic\u0259sin\u0259 ad\u0259t\u0259n c\u0259rrahi m\u00fcdaxil\u0259 il\u0259 start verilir, ard\u0131nca radioterapiya, hormonoterapiya, kemoterapiya v\u0259 ya h\u0259d\u0259fli terapiya kimi \u0259lav\u0259 \u00fcsullarla d\u0259st\u0259k olunur. M\u00fcalic\u0259 plan\u0131 t\u00f6r\u0259m\u0259nin x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259rin\u0259, yay\u0131lma v\u0259ziyy\u0259tin\u0259 v\u0259 x\u0259st\u0259nin \u00fcmumi sa\u011flaml\u0131q durumuna g\u00f6r\u0259 formala\u015fd\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Cerrahi \u00fcsullar:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">M\u0259m\u0259 qoruyucu cerrahi<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Mastektomiya<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">D\u0259ri qoruyucu mastektomiya<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">M\u0259m\u0259 ucu qoruyucu mastektomiya<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Radioterapiya n\u00f6vl\u0259ri:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Tam m\u0259m\u0259 radioterapiyas\u0131<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Regional radioterapiya<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">\u0130ntraoperativ radioterapiya<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">M\u0259m\u0259 i\u00e7i \u015f\u00fca terapiyas\u0131<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Sistemik m\u00fcalic\u0259 n\u00f6vl\u0259ri:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Hormonoterapiya<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Kemoterapiya<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">H\u0259d\u0259fli terapiya<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Yeni m\u00fcalic\u0259 yana\u015fmalar\u0131:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">\u0130mmunoterapiyalar<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">X\u0259r\u00e7\u0259ng vaksinl\u0259ri<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">T\u0259bii birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259l\u0259r<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>M\u00fcalic\u0259 zaman\u0131 genetik analizl\u0259r v\u0259 f\u0259rdi protokollar h\u0259m m\u00fcalic\u0259nin effektivliyini art\u0131rma\u011fa, h\u0259m d\u0259 laz\u0131ms\u0131z m\u00fcalic\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n qa\u00e7ma\u011fa imkan verir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, genetik testl\u0259r t\u00f6r\u0259m\u0259nin t\u0259krar riskini qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndir\u0259r\u0259k m\u00fcalic\u0259 plan\u0131n\u0131 formala\u015fd\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Erk%C9%99n_m%C9%99rh%C9%99l%C9%99_m%C9%99m%C9%99_x%C9%99rc%C9%99nginin_f%C9%99sadlari_n%C9%99l%C9%99rdir\"><\/span>Erk\u0259n m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259 m\u0259m\u0259 x\u0259r\u00e7\u0259nginin f\u0259sadlar\u0131 n\u0259l\u0259rdir?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Erk\u0259n m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259 m\u0259m\u0259 x\u0259r\u00e7\u0259nginin f\u0259sadlar\u0131 m\u00fcalic\u0259 zaman\u0131 v\u0259 sonra x\u0259st\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 h\u0259m fiziki, h\u0259m d\u0259 psixoloji t\u0259sirl\u0259r yarada bil\u0259r. Bu t\u0259sirl\u0259r c\u0259rrahi m\u00fcdaxil\u0259l\u0259r, radioterapiya, kemoterapi v\u0259 dig\u0259r m\u00fcalic\u0259 \u00fcsullar\u0131ndan ir\u0259li g\u0259l\u0259 bil\u0259r:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">A\u011fr\u0131<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Lenf\u00f6dem<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Qol h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tind\u0259 m\u0259hdudla\u015fma<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Yara infeksiyalar\u0131<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Yor\u011funluq<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">D\u0259rid\u0259 yan\u0131ql\u0131qlar<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Sa\u00e7 t\u00f6k\u00fclm\u0259si<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">\u00c7\u0259ki art\u0131m\u0131<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">\u00c7\u0259ki itirilm\u0259si<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Hormon balanss\u0131zl\u0131qlar\u0131<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Psixoloji probleml\u0259r<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>M\u0259m\u0259 toxumas\u0131n\u0131n tam v\u0259 ya qism\u0259n itirilm\u0259si x\u0259st\u0259l\u0259rin \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259inam\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 b\u0259d\u0259n t\u0259sviri alg\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 poza bil\u0259r. H\u0259m\u00e7inin hormonoterapiyan\u0131n yan t\u0259sirl\u0259ri aras\u0131nda isti basmalar\u0131, s\u00fcm\u00fck s\u0131xl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n azalmas\u0131 v\u0259 osteoporoz riski var. M\u00fcalic\u0259 zaman\u0131 istifad\u0259 olunan d\u0259rmanlar immun sistemi z\u0259ifl\u0259d\u0259r\u0259k infeksiyalara qar\u015f\u0131 h\u0259ssasl\u0131\u011f\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Erk%C9%99n_m%C9%99rh%C9%99l%C9%99_m%C9%99m%C9%99_x%C9%99rc%C9%99ngind%C9%99_mualic%C9%99_n%C9%99_zaman_t%C9%99tbiq_edil%C9%99_bilm%C9%99z\"><\/span>Erk\u0259n m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259 m\u0259m\u0259 x\u0259r\u00e7\u0259ngind\u0259 m\u00fcalic\u0259 n\u0259 zaman t\u0259tbiq edil\u0259 bilm\u0259z?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Erk\u0259n m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259 m\u0259m\u0259 x\u0259r\u00e7\u0259ngind\u0259 m\u00fcalic\u0259 x\u0259st\u0259nin \u00fcmumi v\u0259ziyy\u0259ti, t\u00f6r\u0259m\u0259nin x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259ri v\u0259 yay\u0131lma formas\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 b\u0259z\u0259n t\u0259tbiq oluna bilm\u0259z. M\u00fcalic\u0259 metodlar\u0131na dair m\u00fctl\u0259q v\u0259 nisbi \u0259ks\u2011g\u00f6st\u0259ri\u015fl\u0259r n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 al\u0131n\u0131r:<\/p>\n<p>M\u0259m\u0259 qoruyucu c\u0259rrahiyy\u0259 t\u0259tbiq edil\u0259 bilm\u0259y\u0259n hallar:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Hamil\u0259lik<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">\u00c7oxsayl\u0131 t\u00f6r\u0259m\u0259l\u0259r<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">\u018fvv\u0259lki radioterapiya<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">\u0130nflamatuar m\u0259m\u0259 x\u0259r\u00e7\u0259ngi<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Geni\u015f mikrokalsifikasiyalar<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Radioterapiya t\u0259tbiq edil\u0259 bilm\u0259y\u0259n hallar:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Hamil\u0259lik<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">\u018fvv\u0259lki radioterapiya<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Bir s\u0131ra ba\u011f toxuma x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259ri<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Kemoterapi t\u0259tbiq edil\u0259 bilm\u0259y\u0259n hallar:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Ciddi \u00fcr\u0259k x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259ri<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Qaraciy\u0259r v\u0259 b\u00f6yr\u0259k \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Y\u00fcks\u0259k ya\u015f<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Z\u0259if performans statusu<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Hormonoterapiya t\u0259tbiq edil\u0259 bilm\u0259y\u0259n hallar:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Tamoksifen: Qan laxtalanma poz\u011funluqlar\u0131, u\u015faql\u0131q x\u0259r\u00e7\u0259ngi tarixi<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Aromataz inhibitorlar\u0131: Premenopozal v\u0259ziyy\u0259t, ciddi osteoporoz<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>H\u0259d\u0259fli terapiya t\u0259tbiq edil\u0259 bilm\u0259y\u0259n hallar:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Ciddi \u00fcr\u0259k x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259ri<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0130mmunoterapiya t\u0259tbiq edil\u0259 bilm\u0259y\u0259n hallar:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Avtoimmun x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259r<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Erk%C9%99n_m%C9%99rh%C9%99l%C9%99_m%C9%99m%C9%99_x%C9%99rc%C9%99ngind%C9%99_sagalma_prosesi_nec%C9%99dir\"><\/span>Erk\u0259n m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259 m\u0259m\u0259 x\u0259r\u00e7\u0259ngind\u0259 sa\u011falma prosesi nec\u0259dir?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Erk\u0259n m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259 m\u0259m\u0259 x\u0259r\u00e7\u0259ngi m\u00fcalic\u0259sind\u0259n sonra sa\u011falma prosesi fiziki, psixoloji v\u0259 h\u0259yat t\u0259rzi d\u0259yi\u015fiklikl\u0259rini \u0259hat\u0259 edir. Bu m\u00fcdd\u0259td\u0259 x\u0259st\u0259l\u0259rin diqq\u0259t etm\u0259li oldu\u011fu m\u0259qamlar h\u0259m fiziki b\u0259rpan\u0131 s\u00fcr\u0259tl\u0259ndirm\u0259y\u0259, h\u0259m d\u0259 h\u0259yat keyfiyy\u0259tini y\u00fcks\u0259ltm\u0259y\u0259 k\u00f6m\u0259k edir.<\/p>\n<p>Fiziki reabilitasiya:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Y\u00fcng\u00fcl d\u0259zgah h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tl\u0259ri<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Kontrollu m\u0259\u015fq proqramlar\u0131<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Fiziki terapiya d\u0259st\u0259yi<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>A\u011fr\u0131 idar\u0259etm\u0259si:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Uy\u011fun a\u011fr\u0131 k\u0259sicil\u0259rin q\u0259bulu<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Sinir a\u011fr\u0131lar\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0259lav\u0259 terapiyalar<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Psixoloji d\u0259st\u0259kl\u0259 a\u011fr\u0131 alg\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n azald\u0131lmas\u0131<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Aktivlik t\u0259nziml\u0259m\u0259l\u0259ri:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">\u0130lk h\u0259ft\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 a\u011f\u0131r y\u00fckl\u0259rd\u0259n \u00e7\u0259kinm\u0259<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">G\u00fcnd\u0259lik f\u0259aliyy\u0259tl\u0259ri t\u0259dric\u0259n art\u0131rma<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">\u0130stirah\u0259t v\u0259 h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t aras\u0131nda balans<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Lenf\u00f6demin qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 alma:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Kompresiya geyiml\u0259ri istifad\u0259si<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Qol m\u0259\u015fql\u0259ri<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">M\u00fct\u0259x\u0259ssis d\u0259st\u0259yi il\u0259 riskin azald\u0131lmas\u0131<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Psixoloji d\u0259st\u0259k:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Depressiya v\u0259 anksiyetinin idar\u0259 edilm\u0259si<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Qrup terapiyas\u0131 v\u0259 ya f\u0259rdi psikoterapiya<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Stressin idar\u0259 olunmas\u0131 \u00fcsullar\u0131<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Erk%C9%99n_m%C9%99rh%C9%99l%C9%99_m%C9%99m%C9%99_x%C9%99rc%C9%99nginin_qarsisini_nec%C9%99_almaq_olar\"><\/span>Erk\u0259n m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259 m\u0259m\u0259 x\u0259r\u00e7\u0259nginin qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 nec\u0259 almaq olar?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Erk\u0259n m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259 m\u0259m\u0259 x\u0259r\u00e7\u0259nginin qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131 risk faktorlar\u0131n\u0131n azald\u0131lmas\u0131 v\u0259 erk\u0259n a\u015fkarlama metodlar\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259tbiqi il\u0259 m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Genetik, h\u0259yat t\u0259rzi v\u0259 tibbi t\u0259dbirl\u0259r bu prosesd\u0259 m\u00fch\u00fcm rol oynay\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Risk faktorlar\u0131n\u0131 azaltma strategiyalar\u0131:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Genetik testl\u0259r v\u0259 BRCA mutasiyas\u0131 izl\u0259nm\u0259si<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Balansl\u0131 v\u0259 sa\u011flam p\u0259hriz<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Alko\u0445ol istehlak\u0131n\u0131n m\u0259hdudla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">M\u00fct\u0259madi fiziki aktivlik<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Sa\u011flam b\u0259d\u0259n k\u00fctl\u0259 indeksinin qorunmas\u0131<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Emizdirm\u0259 v\u0259rdi\u015fi<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Tibbi t\u0259dbirl\u0259r v\u0259 erk\u0259n a\u015fkarlama \u00fcsullar\u0131:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Kemopreventiv d\u0259rmanlar<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">\u0130mmunoterapiya t\u0259tbiql\u0259ri<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">M\u00fct\u0259madi mamografi v\u0259 ultrason skrininql\u0259ri<\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\">Genetik testl\u0259rl\u0259 f\u0259rdi risk analizi<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Erk\u0259n m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259 m\u0259m\u0259 x\u0259r\u00e7\u0259ngi, t\u00f6r\u0259m\u0259nin yaln\u0131z m\u0259m\u0259 toxumas\u0131 v\u0259 ya yax\u0131nl\u0131qdak\u0131 qoltuqalt\u0131 limfa d\u00fcy\u00fcnl\u0259ri il\u0259 m\u0259hdudla\u015fd\u0131\u011f\u0131 x\u0259r\u00e7\u0259ng n\u00f6v\u00fcd\u00fcr. Bu v\u0259ziyy\u0259t duktal karsinom in situ (DCIS) v\u0259 I\u2011d\u0259n IIIA m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r olan m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259l\u0259ri \u0259hat\u0259 edir. M\u00fcalic\u0259y\u0259 ad\u0259t\u0259n c\u0259rrahi m\u00fcdaxil\u0259 il\u0259 ba\u015flan\u0131r; bu m\u00fcdaxil\u0259 m\u0259m\u0259 qoruyucu c\u0259rrahiyy\u0259 v\u0259 ya mastektomiya \u015f\u0259klind\u0259 t\u0259tbiq oluna bil\u0259r. C\u0259rrahiyy\u0259d\u0259n sonra radioterapiya [&#8230;]\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4554,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[99],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4736","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dos-xrcngi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.gurkanyetkin.com\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4736","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.gurkanyetkin.com\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.gurkanyetkin.com\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.gurkanyetkin.com\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.gurkanyetkin.com\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4736"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.gurkanyetkin.com\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4736\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4752,"href":"https:\/\/www.gurkanyetkin.com\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4736\/revisions\/4752"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.gurkanyetkin.com\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4554"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.gurkanyetkin.com\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4736"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.gurkanyetkin.com\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4736"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.gurkanyetkin.com\/az\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4736"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}